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Alternative Biomass Fuels Properties
Krejčiřík, Jiří ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis follows up attributes of alternative fuels made from biomass and burning them in home combustion equipment with taking into account the process of creating emissions of solid pollutants. There can be found definition of solid alternative fuels with descripition of how are they made and also their attributes as fuels in the first chapter of this thesis. In the second part can be found description of burning alternative fuels made from biomass with taking into account the process of creating emissions. The third chapter of this bachelor thesis is focused on experimental testing of fuel attributes of alternative fuels made from biomass. There is also practical test of creating emissions with focus on creating solid pollutants in this part.
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Testování zbytkové produkce bioplynu z fermentačních zbytků
Havelka, Kamil
This diploma thesis is focused on testing residual biogas production from fermentation residues. This thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. Theoretical part is divided into few chapters. At first I will explain basic consepts such as principle of the generation of biogas, the formation of biogas fermentation residue by dividing the output of biogas plants, waste fermination residue etc. The practical part is based on theoretical knowledge. Practical part contains actual testing of residual biogas production from fermentation residues and results of this testing.
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Alternative Biomass Fuels Properties
Krejčiřík, Jiří ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis follows up attributes of alternative fuels made from biomass and burning them in home combustion equipment with taking into account the process of creating emissions of solid pollutants. There can be found definition of solid alternative fuels with descripition of how are they made and also their attributes as fuels in the first chapter of this thesis. In the second part can be found description of burning alternative fuels made from biomass with taking into account the process of creating emissions. The third chapter of this bachelor thesis is focused on experimental testing of fuel attributes of alternative fuels made from biomass. There is also practical test of creating emissions with focus on creating solid pollutants in this part.
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Treatment of Liquid Phase of Digestate Enabling More Effective Utilization of Nutrients
Kotrč, Vlastislav ; Švehla, Pavel (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Martin (referee)
The present thesis focuses on theoretical evaluation of possible ways of processing liquid fraction of fermentation residue, allowing more efficient use of nutrients.
The introductory part is devoted to biogas, he described its origin, characteristics and possible uses. It is also characterized by a process of anaerobic fermentation and the factors influencing its course. The resulting products are energy-rich biogas and also mentioned fermentation residue. The fourth chapter describes the principle of operation of a biogas plant and a closer approach to the current situation in the Czech Republic and Europe. The main part deals with the rest of the so-called fermentation. Digestate and in particular its separate liquid component Liquid digestate containing a large amount of nutrients that can be effectively used with appropriate procedures. The final chapter is devoted to a description and critical evaluation of the methods of pre-treatment Liquid digestate.
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Factors Affecting the Distribution of Nitrification's Final Products during Biological Pre-Treatment of Fugate
Kyselová, Aneta ; Švehla, Pavel (advisor) ; Zuzana, Zuzana (referee)
In this diploma thesis, the influence of chemical composition of fugate, pH value, temperature and other factors on representation of final products of nitrification during biological pretreatment of fugate produced in agricultural biogas stations was evaluated.
During the experiment, fugate from biogas station Nový Dvůr with N-amon concentration in the range of 1300 - 3200 mg/l at input was processed. Results from the time period beginning on 21. September 2015 and ending on 22. December 2015 (day 0 - 93) were assessed. Nitrification reactor of five liter operational volume was placed in a laboratory at temperatures ranging from 20.4 to 25.2 degrees Celsius. During the experiment, volumetric loading of N-amon reactor ranged from 0,18 to 0,44 kg/(m3.d) and efficiency of N-amon removal from 68,6 to 96,9 percent. Hydraulic period of water delay was being decreased from 12,3 days to approximately 4,2 days during the experiment. pH value was regulated by NaOH to be approximately 7.
The experiment proved that it was possible to attain the process of nitrification in the aggressive medium of fugate. It was ascertained that pH value, which determined current concentration of Free Nitrous Acid (FNA), had significant influence on representation of final products of nitrification. Concentrations of N-NO2 in the reflux from the reactor were being increased from 130 up to 1840 mg/l during the process on the grounds of pH value fluctuations and increasing FNA concentration which inhibited activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). The representation of N-NO2 from day 0 to day 93 of the experiment gradually increased from 19 percent up to 95 percent. Concentrations of N-NO3 from day 0 to day 3 increased from 570 to 1056 mg/l and conversely from day 3 to day 93 they gradually decreased from 570 mg/l to approximately 100 mg/l. Representation of N-NO3 decreased from 80 percent to 5 percent from day 0 to day 93 and it was not possible to retain them as dominant products of nitrification on the ground of sensitivity of NOB.
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